为什么 I 跟 am 而非 is 一起使用?

首先呢,I 当然可以和 is 一起用…… 例句:“I is the fifth most common letter in the English language" :D

Be 这个动词,也就是英语最重要的 copula [1],是英语为数不多的不规则变化动词之一。摘录维基:
Conjugation
As in most Indo-European languages, the English copula is the most irregular verb because of constant use. Most English verbs (traditionally known as "weak verbs") have just four separate forms, e.g., "start", "starts", "starting", "started". A sizable minority (traditionally known as "strong verbs") have five separate forms, e.g., "begin", "begins", "beginning", "began", "begun". "To be" is a very special case in having eight forms: "be", "am", "is", "are", "being", "was", "were", "been". At one time, it had even more, including "art", "wast", "wert", and, on occasion, "beest" as a subjunctive.

而动词为什么要根据语义变位,请参阅这个答案:
zhihu.com/question/1973

至于为什么是 am,查一下词源即可 [2]:
Etymology
From Middle English am, em (“am”), from Old English eom, eam (“am”), from Proto-Germanic *immi ("I am") from Proto-Indo-European*h₁ésmi (“I am, I exist”), a form of the verb *wesanan. Cognate with Old Norse em, emi (“am”)……

更正本版同文 @经雷 的说法,am 配合第一人称一般时变位并非“格的分别”,格(case)是名词、代词而非动词的属性。

[1] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C
[2] en.wiktionary.org/wiki/
原发布于 https://www.zhihu.com/question/19795789/answer/12989274